History of the labor movement in the United States : Volume IX: The T.U.E.L. to the end of the Gompers era / By Philip S. Foner.

This is the ninth volume of the history of the labor movement in the United States series. It is preceded by the eighth volume: Postwar struggles, 1918-1920; and succeeded by the tenth volume. The T.U.E.L. (Trade Union Educational League), 1925-1929.

This book includes biographical summaries of individuals mentioned in the ninth volume of this publication.

Includes biographical references (pages 374-399) and index.

1. Postwar Depression -- 2. New England textile strike, 1922 -- 3. San Pedro strike of the IWW [Industrial Workers of the World] -- 4. Women workers -- 5. The TUEL [Trade Union Educational League] : Predecessors -- 6. The TUEL : Formation and early development -- 7. The TUEL : Advances -- 8. The TUEL : Setbacks -- 9. The railroad workers -- 10. Machinists and carpenters -- 11. The miners : I -- 12. The miners : II, Nova Scotia -- 13. The miners : III -- 14. The ladies' garment worker -- 15. The fur workers -- 16. Men's clothing and millinery workers -- 17. U.S. labor and the Soviet Union -- 18. The black workers -- 19. Independent political action -- 20. End of the Gompers era.

"The present volume carries the history of the labor movement from late 1920 to the end of the Gompers' era in late 1924. The opening chapters deal with the effects of the postwar depression on American workers, and two important strikes-New England textile strike of 1922 and the struggle waged by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) in San Pedro, California, 1922-1925. The fourth chapter deals with the position of women workers in industry and the labor movement and the key issues that concerned them. The rest of the volume is largely devoted to the background, early history and activities of the Trade Union Educational League, founded and led by William Z. Foster. The period covered by the present volume has been viewed by nearly all labor historians as one hardly favorable to union growth and militancy, marked almost entirely by retreat and 'the quiescence of workers,' resulting from the frontal assault of employers using the American Plan and every other possible belligerent tactic, along with 'scientific management' and paternalistic welfare capitalism. All of these forces cause the 'sapping [of] workers' militancy during the 1920s until the opening of the Great Depression.' The view of labor historians that the years after the great postwar militant upsurge of the labor movement was followed by quiescence did not originate recently. Even Sylvia Kopald, who published an important study in 1924 about the insurgency in the United Mine Workers of America, stated that by the end of 1919 all that remained of the miners' militancy 'were merely echoes, significant echoes, it is true, yet no more than byproducts of a struggle that had been lost.' The present volume devotes three chapters to the militant insurgency in the United Mine Workers from 1920 to 1924. In addition, there are chapters that discuss militant insurgency in the Railroad, Machinists, Carpenters, Ladies Garment, Fur Workers and Millinert Workers unions, and its beginnings in the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America." -- from the preface