Environment, employment, and development / edited by A.S. Bhalla.

Introduction / S. V. Sethuraman --

Environment, development and employment: Some conceptual issues / M. Karshenas --

Employment concerns and environmental policy / J.A. Doeleman --

On instruments of environmental policy / J.A. Doeleman --

Environmental degradation in rural areas / P. Bifani --

Urbanisation, employment and the environment / S.V. Sethuraman, with the assistance of A. Ahmed --

Some global issues / A.S. Bhalla and P. Bifani --

Conclusion and future perspectives / A.S. Bhalla.

The world has experience unprecedented and spectacular economic growth since 1945, largely based on technological advances. However, the environmental impact of such development -- reflected in increasing pollution, environmental deterioration, and the exhaustion of natural resources -- has been a source of major concern, especially in the past 20 years, and this had led to increasing agreement that growth at such costs cannot be sustained for long, except at the risk of our own survival. Much neglected in the current debate on the environment is any discussion about the consequences of environmental policy for employment. This study examines the employment implication of sustainable development, especially for developing countries, and reviews the instruments and approaches currently being used to reduce, if not arrest, environmental degradation. Among the topics covered are alternative approaches to economic development and employment promotion which incorporate environmental issues ; the relation between employment, environment, rural poverty and urbanisation ; energy and environment ; and a proposed draft policy agenda to tackle employment and environmental objectives.